I see at least 3 National Electric Code violations: 1. All splices are to be in an enclosed box. 2. No wire nuts or equivalent. 3. I see no green wiring, meaning the house does not have a ground circuit and any 3-prong receptacles and plugs are not able to do their job.
It is common in older houses, say from 1920's & 1930's, that there is no ground circuit in the house wiring. Some of those old houses used BX cable. Trestleking, you have some problems. Good luck.
You are lucky in one respect. I had a neighbor who, after buying a house, found that a prior owner had used lamp cord to do some wiring.
