Stan, the board layout takes more than the size of the end of a battery. I don't know if I can fit it into that form-factor. I may get one made (it's cheap), just to see if everything works when it's assembled. If so, then maybe I could try cramming it into a smaller board. The switcher want's a pretty specific layout and they seem to strongly suggest a ground plane on the back side. Since I want this to work the first time, I figured I'd do that.
I'm thinking if I just the 150uf cap to the other side, it might all slip into that form factor without making a tiny board. Here's what it looks like then. The battery is 5/8" thick x 1" wide. The supercap and regulator folder over are 5/16" and so is the 150uf electrolytic height. The board can be .032", better anyway as it gets 2oz copper. The components on the other side are not 1/4" high, so it all fits in the 5/8 thickness. The board width is .8", no problem there. The total length of the board and folded over cap is shorter than the battery by over 1/8". That's length doesn't consider the battery connectors sticking out farther on the real battery. I believe it's able to fit the way it is into a 9V form factor.