@Bruce Brown posted:Too much is being made of the need for a true-RMS meter for model train applications. As @SteveH points out, a True RMS meter is not needed for sinusoidal waveform work. @Dennis-LaRock is concerned about measurements in the 18 VAC range. At 18 VAC, all transformers and controllers--including chopped waveform ones--are producing a near pure sine wave!!!
Well... not really!
Z1000 full throttle waveform
Lionel ZW-C full throttle waveform
Lionel CW-80 full throttle waveform
And the winner is:
MTH Z4000 full throttle waveform
The TIU is interesting when fed with a pure sine wave. Open PDF to see full report.